Why Does Prefabricated Terrazzo Floor Have A Certain Roughness And How Is It Made?

Prefabricated terrazzo flooring has a certain roughness, mainly to meet practical needs such as anti slip, wear-resistant, and enhanced friction, while also balancing aesthetics and functionality. The formation of its roughness is closely related to the manufacturing process. The following is a detailed analysis of the specific reasons and manufacturing process:

1, Reasons for the formation of roughness of prefabricated terrazzo floor
Anti slip requirements
Outdoor environments such as terraces, garden paths, and public squares are susceptible to rain and dew, and surfaces that are too smooth can increase the risk of pedestrians slipping. Moderate roughness can increase the friction between the sole and the ground, improving safety.
Indoor humid areas such as kitchens and bathrooms also require anti slip performance, as rough surfaces can reduce slipping caused by water stains.
Wear resistance and durability
Rough surfaces can disperse pressure, reduce local wear, and extend service life. Especially in public spaces such as shopping malls and subway stations, high pedestrian traffic demands extremely high ground wear resistance, and roughness can enhance impact resistance.
Enhance adhesion
When pasting other materials (such as tiles, carpets) or applying paint, rough surfaces can provide better mechanical adhesion, ensuring stable bonding between materials and avoiding detachment or hollowing.
Design requirements
Roughness can achieve artistic effects through aggregate distribution and texture design, such as imitating stone patterns, imitating wood grain, etc., to enhance spatial aesthetics.
2, The production process of prefabricated terrazzo flooring
The roughness of prefabricated terrazzo is mainly controlled through the following steps, which are divided into the factory prefabrication stage and the on-site installation post-processing stage:

1. Factory prefabrication stage: controlling the roughness of the foundation
Material Ratio
Aggregate selection: Use natural stone (such as marble, granite) fragments, glass shards, or ceramic waste with different particle sizes as aggregates. The larger the particle size, the higher the surface roughness.
Cementitious material: using cement-based or epoxy resin based binders, whose flowability affects the distribution of aggregates. Low fluidity materials can expose more aggregates and increase surface roughness.
Additives: Add anti slip agents, reinforcing agents, etc. to further adjust surface properties.
mold forming
Pour the mixed terrazzo slurry into the mold, and use vibration compaction to remove bubbles and evenly distribute the aggregate. The surface of the mold can be pre treated with rough textures (such as sandblasting, embossing) and directly replicated onto the surface of the finished product.
Preliminary maintenance
Maintain in a constant temperature and humidity environment to preliminarily harden the cementitious material and form the foundation structure. At this point, the surface has preliminary roughness, but further processing is required.
2. On site installation post-processing stage: Fine adjustment of roughness
Cutting and splicing
After the prefabricated panels are transported to the site, they are cut into specific sizes according to design requirements, and gaps (usually 2-5mm) are left during splicing. The gaps are filled with sealant of the same color as the panels to create a rough overall feel.
Surface treatment process
Polishing and Polishing: The surface is gradually polished using a grinding machine, from coarse grinding (such as a 60 mesh grinding wheel) to fine grinding (such as a 3000 mesh grinding wheel), to control the final roughness.
Anti slip type: only rough grinding is carried out, leaving the aggregate exposed and forming a concave convex texture.
Semi gloss type: After medium grinding, the surface is smooth but still has a slight graininess.
High gloss type: finely polished to a mirror effect, suitable for indoor low humidity environments.
Acid washing treatment: Clean the surface with dilute hydrochloric acid or phosphoric acid, dissolve some of the cement matrix, expose more aggregates, increase roughness and retro texture.
Sandblasting treatment: high-pressure spraying of diamond sand or quartz sand, etching the surface to form a uniform rough texture, commonly used in outdoor scenes with high anti slip requirements.

Sealing and Protection
Apply permeable sealant (such as silane), fill surface micropores, enhance wear resistance, while maintaining moderate roughness. Sealing agents can also enhance stain resistance and extend service life.
3, Quantitative control of roughness
Friction coefficient: The dynamic/static friction coefficient is measured by professional equipment to ensure compliance with safety standards (such as outdoor ground friction coefficient must be ≥ 0.6).
Surface roughness meter: Quantify with Ra (arithmetic mean roughness) or Rz (maximum height roughness) value, usually the Ra value of prefabricated terrazzo is between 3.2-12.5 μ m, adjusted according to demand.

4, Matching application scenarios with roughness
Recommended roughness processing technology for scene purposes
Outdoor public square high roughness rough grinding+acid washing+sandblasting anti slip, wear-resistant, UV resistant
Indoor kitchen with moderate roughness, medium grinding and sealing treatment, anti slip and easy to clean
Low roughness precision grinding and high gloss polishing in the commercial display area enhance the aesthetic appeal and elevate the spatial grade
Garden path natural roughness mold embossing+manual chiseling imitating natural stone texture, integrated with landscape